Which amendment addresses the right against cruel and unusual punishment?

The 8th Amendment of the United States Constitution specifically addresses the right against cruel and unusual punishment. This amendment serves as a significant protection for individuals against excessive punishments imposed by the government, ensuring that punishments are proportionate to the crime committed. Historically, this amendment has been interpreted by the courts to prohibit not just torture or brutal punishments, but also those that are deemed grossly disproportionate to the severity of the offense. The foundational principle behind this amendment is to uphold the dignity of individuals and promote humane treatment within the justice system.

Other amendments mentioned do not pertain to the prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment; for instance, the 5th Amendment focuses on rights related to legal proceedings and protections against self-incrimination and double jeopardy. The 6th Amendment guarantees the right to a fair trial and legal counsel, while the 7th Amendment addresses the right to trial by jury in civil cases. Each of these amendments serves distinct, important purposes related to individual rights and legal processes, but none specifically encapsulate the concern against cruel and unusual punishment as clearly as the 8th Amendment does.